Post-223: Kinsfolk by the Millions (Or, My Y-Chromosome Story) (Or, What the Heck is “R1b-U106”?)

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Map of frequency of my Y-chromosome (father’s father’s father’s…etc.) [From here]

My Y-chromosome line is R1b-U106, determined by a professional test my father did last year. Above is a map of its distribution in Europe today. The darker the color, the more men native to that region have this Y-chromosome.

My father had this Y-chromosome, as did his, father, and his father before him, and so on. Every man’s Y-chromsome is passed on in the same way as we pass on surnames. All those with R1b-U106 will share the same male ancestor (father’s father’s father’s father’s….etc.). Nobody really knows how long ago or where that man lived.
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Whoever that Stone Age man was, he has millions of descendants alive today: 20% of Englishmen, 19% of German men, 17% of Danish men, 13% of Swiss men, and an astonishing 35% of Dutchmen. Also, 15% of White American men. This means that in the USA, about 15 million men have this Y-chromosome line; tens of millions more in Europe. (Sample sizes for these are not big [Wiki], so give or take).

Famous people known to be R1b-U106 (from here):

  • U.S. Civil War General (and later President) Ulysses S. Grant,
  • U.S. President Polk,
  • The royal Bourbon line of France, including the king they beheaded after the 1789 French Revolution (multiple descendants tested to determine this).
Because this just deals with a shared patrilineal ancestor some large number of generations ago, it actually doesn’t tell anything directly about a person’s overall ancestry. For that, another test is needed (which is not yet totally reliable).


Note on Names: T
he R1b-U106 Y chromosome variant is sometimes called R1b-S21, other times called R1b-M405, and formerly called the totally-unmemorizable “R1b1b2a1a1”. That’s what we get for the field of genetic testing being so new. From what I can tell, by 2014, R1b-U106 is now the dominant name.